Light-Mediated Formation and Dissociation of a Two-Dimensional Supramolecular Polymer Sheet: One Step Closer to Sustainability

Recently, a few strategies have emerged to synthesize two-dimensional (2D) polymers comprising laterally connected areal monomeric units that extend in two orthogonal directions. Despite such progress, rational design of non-persistent 2D polymers that require neither harsh conditions nor extra chemicals to dissociate, thus imposing a potentially diminished environmental burden, remains a challenge. Here, we report a mechanically new strategy that enables formation and dissociation of a 2D supramolecular polymer sheet in response to light. The constituent monomers are cucurbit[6]uril(SP), an engineered cavitand bearing multiple photochromic spiropyran (SP) moieties at its periphery. When irradiated with UV light, the SP isomerizes into zwitterionic merocyanine (MC), affording a single-cucurbit[6]uril-thick polymer sheet in the presence of Ca2+ via multiple in-plane inter-monomeric MC center dot center dot center dot Ca2+center dot center dot center dot MC bridges. The free-standing polymer is stable in the dark, but dissociates into oligomers upon exposure to visible light as the peripheral MC isomerizes back to SP. Since light is a noninvasive and environmentally benign stimulus with high spatiotemporal solution, the rationale underlying the present effort may point the way towards new 2D polymers that are non-persistent to avoid repeating the accumulation problem now haunting conventional linear polymers, thus bringing this emerging material one step closer to sustainability.