Calcium isotopic signatures of carbonatite and silicate metasomatism, melt percolation and crustal recycling in the lithospheric mantle

Ca isotopes can be strongly fractionated at the Earth’s surface and thus may be tracers of subducted carbonates and other Ca-rich surface materials in mantle rocks, magmas and fluids. However, the δ44/40Ca range in the mantle and the scope of intra-mantle isotope fractionation are poorly constrained. We report Ca isotope analyses for 22 mantle xenoliths: four basalt-hosted refractory peridotites from Tariat in Mongolia and 18 samples from the Obnazhennaya (Obn) kimberlite on the NE Siberian craton. Obn peridotites are Paleoproterozoic to Archean melting residues metasomatised by carbonate-rich and/or silicate melts including unique xenoliths that contain texturally equilibrated carbonates. δ44/40Ca in 15 Obn xenoliths shows limited variation (0.74–0.97‰) that overlaps the value (0.94 ± 0.05‰) inferred for the bulk silicate Earth from data on fertile lherzolites, but is lower than δ44/40Ca for non-metasomatised refractory peridotites from Mongolia (1.10 ± 0.03‰). Bulk δ44/40Ca in four Obn peridotites containing metasomatic carbonates ranges from 0.81 ± 0.08‰ to 0.83 ± 0.06‰, with similar values in acid-leachates and leaching residues, indicating isotopic equilibration of the carbonates with host rocks.