The Association Of Vitamin D Status And Dietary Calcium Intake With Individual Components Of The Metabolic Syndrome: A Population-Based Study In Victoria, Australia

Objective This study examined the associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), dietary calcium (Ca) intake, and individual components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS).Methods We analyzed a population-based sample of 18-75-year-old adults (n= 3387) from the Victorian Health Monitor survey.Results After adjustment for sociodemographic, physical, and dietary factors, as well as other MetS components, every 10 nmol/l increment in 25-OHD was associated with reduced adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of elevated triglycerides (TG) [AOR: 0.79, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.74-0.84, P< 0.001], and higher fasting plasma glucose (AOR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.86-0.96, P= 0.002). After adjustment for confounders, every 500 mg/day increment in dietary Ca intake significantly reduced the odds of elevated diastolic blood pressure (AOR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.99, P= 0.038). When nine combinations of 25-OHD and Ca tertiles were examined, certain combinations were associated with reduced AOR for elevated TG (P< 0.001), when referenced against the combination of low 25-OHD (median: 33 nmol/l) and low Ca (median: 579 mg/day). At low 25-OHD, increasing Ca intake decreased the AOR for low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in a dose-dependent manner, but at high 25-OHD; such effects of Ca were blunted.Conclusion Higher vitamin D status and Ca intake or their combination were associated with reduced odds for a number of individual MetS components. Copyright (c) 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.