Anonna muricata L. (soursop) seed oil improves type 1 diabetes parameters in vivo and in vitro

Annona muricata have many properties reported as antidiabetic, antitumor and antioxidant effects. However, studies on the use of fruit seeds are limited. In this study, we identified the immunomodulatory potential of A. muricata seed oil (AmSO) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced in vivo and in vitro experimental model of T1D and whole blood cell culture from diabetic patients. AmSO cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT-tetrazolium and resazurin. AmSO was orally administered to BALB/c mice for 48days and were divided into groups: control, STZ (diabetic), STZ–AmSO (diabetic, treated with 1.0mg/kg AmSO), and AmSO groups (nondiabetic, treated with 1.0mg/kg AmSO). T1D was induced with intraperitoneal administration of STZ (3×100mg/kg). Biochemistry and histopathological analysis and area of pancreatic islets were evaluated. IL-10, IL-4, IL-17 production in spleen cell culture from diabetic mice exposed to AmSO and IFN-γ and IL-10 levels in whole blood cell culture from diabetic patients exposed to AmSO was determined by ELISA. AmSO showed antihyperglycemic effect, preserved the area of ​​pancreatic islets, preserved liver tissue, increased IL-4 and IL-10 levels in spleen cell culture, and decreased IFN-γ level in whole blood cell culture. AmSO demonstrated immunomodulatory effect and therapeutic potential for the treatment and/or prevention of clinical T1D.