Accelerated Optimization of TiO2/Sb2Se3 Thin Film Solar Cells by High-Throughput Combinatorial Approach

Sb2Se3, a V-2-VI3 compound semiconductor, has attracted extensive research attention in photovoltaics due to its non-toxicity, low cost and earth-abundant constituents. Herein, a combinatorial approach to optimize the performance of TiO2/Sb2Se3 thin film photovoltaics is employed. By simultaneously conducting a series of experiments in parallel rather than one after another, combinatorial strategy increases experimental throughput and reduces personnel costs. Key parameters such as TiO2 thickness, post-annealing temperature and Sb2Se3 thickness are identified as 65 nm, 450 degrees C and 850 nm through the combinatorial approach. Finally, in combination with (NH4)(2)S back surface cleaning, TiO2/Sb2Se3 solar cells with 5.6% efficiency and decent stability are obtained, showcasing the power of high-throughput strategy for accelerating the optimization of Sb2Se3 photovoltaics.