A Full Wave Conductor Modeling Using Augmented Electric Field Integral Equation

A numerical full wave solver is proposed to solve conductor problems in electromagnetics. This method is an extension of the dielectric augmented electric field integral equation (D-AEFIE). Using this method, conductors, from lowly lossy to highly lossy, can be rigorously modeled to capture the conductive losses. Broadband stability can be achieved, thanks to the introduction of the augmentation technique. This paper demonstrates the formulation of this method. A simple and effective preconditioner is introduced to accelerate the convergence. A novel integration scheme is adopted to accurately capture the losses inside the conductor. Finally some numerical examples are shown to support the capability of this method to solve real-world circuit problems.