Efficacy of Closed and Open Kinematic Chain Exercises on Ankle Sprain Rehabilitation

Background: Ankle sprains often result in ankle instability, which is most likely caused by damage to passive structures and neuromuscular impairment. Most ankle sprains are treated non-surgically with a rehabilitation program. Methods: A sample of 40 subacute grade II lateral ankle sprain with a mean age of 21.8 +/- 2.9 years were participated in this study and divided them into 2 groups. The first group (n = 20) followed strengthening exercises in the form of Open Kinematic Chain (OKC) whereas, the second group (n = 20) undergone Closed Kinematic Chain (CKC) for dorsiflexors, planterflexors, evertors, and invertors muscle groups. Both study groups performed respective exercise program for 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks. Study outcome measured by functional rating (ADLs) score system of the Japanese orthopedic association, range of motion (ROM) of ankle dorsiflexion and planterflexion by universal goniometer and visual analogue scale (VAS) used to measure the pain severity. Results: There was a significant difference in VAS, ROM and ADLs in both OKC and CKC groups (p > 0.05). However, between group comparisons; there was a significant difference in ADLs in the CKC group than in the OKC group (p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study observed that ankle sprain patient rehabilitation with both OKC and CKC exercises are effective, Although CKC exercise is may be a better choice than OKC exercise when we consider functional activities especially ADLs.