The frequency of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in athletes with and without sports related concussion
Clinical and translational medicine(2018)
摘要
Background Purpose of this study is to investigate the presence and frequency of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in post-concussed (PC) athletes compared to a group of healthy control (HC) athletes. Research design and method A pre and post-test group design was used to compare a post-concussed group to a matched healthy control group of athletes. An archival database which included PC (n = 62) and HC (n = 62) participants matched on age, years of education and gender who completed a test battery at baseline and post injury, The test battery was comprised of a neurocognitive assessment, self-reported symptom inventory and PTSD symptom questionnaire. Post-concussion assessment was obtained within 0–13 days post-injury. Results PTSD symptom scores were greater in PC post injury group ( Mdn = 0) than for the HC group ( Mdn = 0.0), U = 1282.0, p = 0.000, r = 0.34. A Wilcoxon Signed-ranks test indicated that PTSD symptom scores post-injury ( Mdn = 0) were significantly higher than pre-injury ( Mdn = 0), Z = − 2.75, p = 0.000, r = 0.35. Within the PC post injury group athletes having “difficulty sleeping” was the highest reported symptom an average of 25.8% followed by “avoiding similar situations” at an average of 19.4%. “Having trouble keeping thoughts of incident out of your head” was reported at an average of 17.7% and “flashbacks” were reported at an average of 12.9%. “Nightmares” and “feeling numb and detached” were reported at an average of 8.1 and 6.5% respectively. Conclusion Athletes who reported no PTSD symptoms prior to sports related concussion do exhibit symptoms of PTSD. Providing a PTSD symptom questionnaire may provide a more comprehensive treatment plan for PC post injury athletes who may be at risk of chronic PTSD symptoms.
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关键词
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms,Sport concussion,mTBI
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