Pedagogical Voice in an E-Learning System: Content Expert Versus Content Novice.

Studies have shown student performance in virtual learning environments is improved by the presence of a virtual pedagogical agent, particularly when the agent is voiced by a human voice. Furthermore, studies have shown students achieve higher learning outcomes when their teacher is a content expert in the material being taught. This study examines the question at the intersection of these two domains: Do students achieve higher learning outcomes in a virtual learning environment if the actor voicing the virtual agent is a content expert in the material being taught? The analysis found no evidence of such an effect, although more research should be conducted before firm conclusions are drawn.