Effect of liquid properties on swallowing and ventilation coordination in rats.

BackgroundOne aspect of rehabilitation in swallowing disorders is to change liquid properties. The objective of our study was to test how liquid properties could improve oropharyngeal dysphagia and swallowing and ventilation coordination in an animal model. MethodsForty-two healthy male rats were distributed in six groups, including a control group. Rats were deprived of water for 24h and then each group was administered liquid with different properties: tap water, sugar water, sparkling water, salt water, cold water, and acidic water. Rats were studied without and with oropharyngeal dysphagia achieved by unilateral section of the hypoglossal nerve. Swallowing and ventilation were analyzed by barometric plethysmograph. Key ResultsIn healthy rats, swallowing occurred during expiratory time for all liquid properties. Most deglutitions were during expiratory time for all liquid properties (8812%) and were not modified. There was an increase in VT/TI during swallowing with sparkling water and cold water (P<.05). In the operated groups, rats had significantly fewer swallows with tap water (P<.05) and significantly more swallows with sparkling water (P<.001), sugar water (P<.001) and cold water (P<.001) during expiratory time. The mean inspiratory volume (VT/TI) increased with sparkling water (P<.05). Conclusion and InferencesSparkling water seemed to improve swallowing and ventilation coordination in an animal model, to be confirmed in a study including patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia.