Numerical Study on Behavior of Top‐Blown Supersonic Jets and Their Interaction with Bath in BOF Steelmaking Convertor

A three-dimensional transient CFD model combined VOF interface tracking technique for compressible supersonic oxygen-jets impinging on the free surface of molten slag/metal is developed. Jets behavior at steelmaking temperature is investigated, and simulation results are validated by comparison with experiments. Interaction of jets and molten bath, impinged deformation of slag/metal interface and its evolution with time are discussed. The results show that penetration depth increases with the decrease of lance height and with the increase of operation pressure. Impact area shrinks with the drop of lance height, but is almost unaffected by operation pressure. The shape of depression and interface of slag/steel/gas is found to be instable and oscillatory with time due to propagation of waves in cavities. The circulation of molten bath is formed, and the position of vortex changes with blowing time and interface movement.