Early Interventions In Allergic Diseases
ALLERGY FRONTIERS: THERAPY AND PREVENTION, VOL 5(2010)
摘要
Atopy has been defined as the genetic predisposition to develop IgE antibody responses to a variety of common environmental
allergens. Clinically, atopy is expressed by asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and atopic dermatitis. It has been recognized
that the “atopic march” evolves from food allergy and atopic dermatitis in the first 2 years of life, followed by asthma and
allergic rhinitis. Over the past 30 years, the prevalence of allergies and asthma has increased significantly in developed
countries, and asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in children. Evidence indicates that environmental factors
acting early in life, including respiratory viral infections, exposure to pets and microbial products, day-care attendance,
breast feeding, and exposure to allergens, tobacco smoke and other pollutants, are key events for establishment of sensitization
and development of chronic, persistent symptoms of allergic diseases [1]. It is thought that gene—environment interactions
play a crucial role in these processes. Therefore, attempts to successfully prevent development of allergic diseases should
be a priority.
At present, there are no genetic markers for atopy or asthma which could be used routinely in clinical practice and family
history of atopy has been used to identify children genetically at-risk of developing allergic diseases. These children from
high-risk families have been the focus of most of the intervention studies.
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