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Step-time Variability is a Specific Gait Characteristic Associated with Functional Disabilities in Knee Osteoarthritis: the Nagahama Study.

Gait & Posture(2025)

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Abstract
Background Gait characteristics of spatiotemporal parameters of knee osteoarthritis (OA) using large sample of patients with various radiographic severities and asymmetry have not been studied previously. Objective This study aimed to determine the disease-specific gait characteristics of knee OA and assess the spatiotemporal gait parameters associated with functional disability. Method The data was extracted from the Nagahama study and included 1591 participants aged ≥ 60 years, who underwent knee radiography and gait analysis. Of these, 998 (62.7 %) were assigned to healthy control group and 593 (37.3 %) to knee OA group. Gait speed, cadence, stride length, step length asymmetry, and step-time variability were measured using wearable inertial sensor. The Knee Scoring System (KSS) was used to assess functional disability. Logistic regression analysis was performed, with group variables as dependent variables and gait parameters as independent variables. In knee OA group, multiple regression analysis was performed with KSS score as dependent variable and gait parameters as independent variables after adjusting for potential confounders. Results Step-time variability was associated with knee OA (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.08; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 1.00–1.15; p = 0.037). Lower gait speed (Beta [B]=13.60; 95 %CI, 4.41–22.80; p = 0.004) and higher step-time variability (B=-0.82; 95 %CI, −1.40 to −0.24; p = 0.005) were associated with a decrease in KSS score in knee OA. Conclusion These findings suggest that higher step-time variability is a specific gait characteristic of knee OA and is a negative factor associated with functional disabilities. The assessment of step-time variability is a useful indicator for screening abnormal gait patterns in knee OA.
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Key words
Knee osteoarthritis,Step-time variability,Inertial sensor,Functional disability
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要点】:研究揭示了步时间变异性是膝骨性关节炎的特异性步态特征,并与功能障碍相关,为膝骨性关节炎患者的步态异常筛查提供了有用指标。

方法】:通过使用可穿戴惯性传感器测量1591名60岁及以上参与者的步态速度、步频、步长、步长不对称性和步时间变异性,并结合膝评分系统(KSS)评估功能障碍。

实验】:实验数据来源于长滨研究,使用膝X射线照片和步态分析,将参与者分为健康对照组和膝骨性关节炎组,通过逻辑回归和多重回归分析,发现步时间变异性与膝骨性关节炎及功能障碍程度显著相关。