Development of a Comprehensive Exposure-at-Risk Map for Europe: Integrating Coinciding Natural Hazards and Exposure Metrics

The development of an Exposure-at-risk map for Europe that encompasses multiple coinciding natural hazards builds upon many previous attempts and existing portals such as TIGRA, TEMRAP, ESPON, JRC DRMKC, and GIRI to name a few, which have primarily focused on examining a few single hazards and limited exposure.The novelty of this approach lies in its integration of a myriad of hazards into a single, cohesive framework. The European Hazard Map is constructed using data from various sources, covering geophysical hazards (earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides), meteorological hazards (winds, convective storms, storms), hydrological hazards (river/pluvial floods), climatic overlaps (bushfires, droughts), and biological hazards. These hazards are modelled using both stochastic and probabilistic methods as well as historical reanalysis, offering a robust and comprehensive view of potential risks.The exposure component of this map is constructed around a handful of key Europe-wide metrics, encompassing aspects crucial to the European multi-sector context. These include tourism-based metrics such as domestic and international expenditure, hotel statistics, employment figures, as well as broader economic indicators like capital stock (particularly focusing on buildings), GDP, and critical infrastructure related to transport and energy. Additionally, agricultural production and seasonal population variations are factored in. These metrics are pivotal in assessing the potential impact of various hazards, including but not limited to earthquakes, tsunamis, winds, floods, landslides, tornadoes, hail, droughts, and bushfires.This map has been developed as part of the MYRIAD-EU project, a multi-hazard initiative, and is built using open data sources and risk analytics within the project. A significant feature of this map is its ability to demonstrate temporal and spatial overlaps. This capability allows for the visualization of combined events or the combined impact of different exposure-hazard overlaps, depending on whether the output is stochastic or probabilistic. The interface of this map serves as a crucial gateway to the MYRIAD-EU multi-hazard software scorecard approach. It also plays a pivotal role in identifying overlapping hazards within the EU, enabling better preparedness and response strategies.In summary, this Exposure-at-risk map for Europe is a significant advancement in the field of hazard assessment and risk management. It integrates a multitude of hazards and exposure metrics, offering a comprehensive and detailed view of potential risks across Europe. This map is not only a tool for current risk assessment but also a foundation for future research and development in this critical area of study.