Phase and Amplitude Scintillations Associated With Polar Cap Patches: Statistical and Event Analyses

Ionospheric scintillation causes errors in radio signals. One potential source in the polar region is polar cap patches. Using a polar cap patch database from Ren et al. (2018), and data provided by a scintillation receiver at Resolute Bay, we evaluated the polar cap patch impact on ionospheric scintillation. In a statistical analysis, we found that 92% of the maximum patch scintillation was under 0.3 for both phase (in the unit of radian) and amplitude scintillations. Of the remaining 8%, less than 1% could be classified as severe phase scintillation (>0.5 radians), while none could be classified as severe amplitude scintillation. Magnetic Local Time (MLT) dependence of the patch phase scintillation shows higher scintillation values near noon MLTs. Patches are classified into cold, hot-Te and hot-Te-Ti types based on their plasma temperatures. The dependence of scintillation on the patch density prominence showed a positive correlation between phase scintillation and cold patches near noon MLT and hot-Te patches everywhere except midnight MLT. In the event analysis, two events were studied. The first event with large phase scintillation was located in the polar cap with weak polar rain precipitation and large, uniform, antisunward convection flows. The second event with large amplitude scintillation was located in a region with active soft particle precipitation and velocity shear, classical ionospheric signatures of plasma sheet boundary layer. The statistical and event analysis improve understanding of the location and characteristics of patch-related scintillations.