土壤天然富硒与外源施硒对小麦硒积累及产量形成影响的研究
Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences（2023）
山西农业大学
Abstract
为明确富硒小麦生产中土壤天然富硒与外源施硒的差异及其机制,于山西省晋中市山西农业大学小麦研究基地开展盆栽试验,研究天然富硒土壤、施硒土壤和缺硒土壤对小麦籽粒硒积累、植株物质积累及产量影响的差异,为富硒小麦生产提供理论依据和技术参考.结果表明:较缺硒土壤,土壤施硒可显著提高小麦籽粒硒含量,达228 μg/kg,其有机硒占比为81％,籽粒硒强化指数达35％;富硒土壤显著提高籽粒硒含量,达176 μg/kg,有机硒占比为83％,籽粒硒强化指数达27％.较缺硒土壤,施硒土壤和富硒土壤可显著提高越冬-拔节、拔节-孕穗两阶段物质积累量,提高花前干物质转移量对籽粒贡献率达31％,富硒土壤高于施硒土壤;施硒土壤和富硒土壤均可提高千粒重4％～8％,增产3.15％～4.16％,富硒土壤高于施硒土壤.总之,富硒土壤和施硒土壤籽粒硒含量均达到富硒小麦生产标准,且富硒土壤更有利于籽粒有机硒积累及产量形成.
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