Smartverse: Blockchain based Crowdsourced V2X Message Verification and Dissemination System

Intelligent transportation systems with Vehicle to Everything (V2X) connectivity can help smart cities solve problems like pedestrian jaywalking, vehicle collision, and traffic congestion. V2X offers seamless connectivity between road infrastructures and driver assistance systems with crowd-sourced data to guide design and feature sets. V2X applications raise security and privacy risks despite their benefits. Risks include data loss, device failure, and environmental damage. The current PKI-based V2X ecosystem requires many pseudonym keys to work successfully. Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) often encounters bottlenecks due to the enormous volume of authorisation, registration, and confirmation requests. When we transit to a means of fully autonomous transport, an enormous amount of data related to vehicle movement will flood the V2X network. A considerable infrastructure setup is needed to validate these messages. Blockchain technology offers distributed ledger technology and a decentralised data processing mechanism. So blockchain can solve the issue of validating the messages in the V2X network. This paper proposes Smartverse, a blockchain technology-based authentication method to validate messages in the V2X ecosystem. We used the Ethereum blockchain platform, Interplanatary File System (IPFS) and developed algorithms to validate the crowd-sourced data in the V2X network. When a user submits data, say vehicle collision, other users in the V2X network validate the data by a voting mechanism. Once the messages are marked valid, other V2X users will receive this message. This paper explains the blockchain-based V2X network architecture and message validation algorithm.