Wireless Sensor Deployment Scheme for Cost-Effective Smart Farming Using the ABC-TEEM Algorithm

Sathian Dananjayan,Jiajun Zhuang,Yu Tang,Yong He,Chaojun Hou,Shaoming Luo

Evolving Systems（2023）SCI 4区

Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering

Cited 8|Views4

Abstract

The cost of the agricultural sensors is one of the significant issues in smart farming economics. A minimal number of wireless sensor nodes have to be deployed in a field for smart farming without sacrificing coverage area to reduce the cost. Further reduction of cost, the lifetime of the sensor nodes has to be increased by using an energy-efficient algorithm or some other techniques. Accordingly, an appropriate node deployment scheme combined with an energy-efficient routing algorithm can reduce the complexity of problems, such as routing, network communication, and data aggregation by minimising the number of sensors needed in an agricultural field. The multiple-input multiple-output technique is used to enhance the data rate of sensors by reducing fading effects and interference. A trusty worthy model is also considered here to secure the routing protocol by isolating the malicious nodes. This paper investigates various deployment schemes to reduce the number of sensors used in an agricultural field and improve the lifetime of the sensor nodes by utilising a bioinspired energy-efficient protocol. Specifically, an artificial bee colony-based energy-efficient multiple-input multiple-output routing protocol with a trust model is considered with various deployment schemes for smart agriculture. The simulation results reveal that the proposed method reduces the investment cost on sensors by minimising the sensors used and enhancing the sensors' lifetime.

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Key words

WSN,Trustworthy,Energy efficiency,MIMO,Deployment

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