Multicenter Propensity Score-Matched Analysis to Compare Perioperative Morbidity After Laparoscopic or Robotic Complex Hepatectomy for Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background Postoperative complications are vital factors affecting the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), especially for complex hepatectomy. The present study aimed to compare perioperative complications between laparoscopic and robotic complex hepatectomy (LCH vs. RCH). Methods Patients with solitary HCC after complex hepatectomy were collected from a multicenter database. Propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis was adopted to control confounding bias. Multivariable analysis was performed to determine the prognostic factors. Results 436 patients were included. After PSM, 43 patients were included in both the LCH and RCH groups. The results showed that compared to LCH, RCH had lower rates of blood loss and transfusion, and lower postoperative 30-day and major morbidity, and post-hepatectomy liver failure (PHLF) (all P < 0.05). Additionally, the length of hospital stay was shorter in the RCH group (P = 0.026). Multivariable analysis showed RCH is an independent protective factor for reducing the 30-day morbidity, major morbidity and PHLF. Conclusion RCH has advantages over LCH in the minimally invasive treatment of complex HCC, as it can reduce the incidence of intraoperative blood loss and postoperative morbidity, especially for major morbidity and PHLF. Therefore, RCH should be considered for patients with HCC who require complex hepatectomy.