Phase angle dependency of the dust cross section in a cometary coma
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Rosetta/OSIRIS took optical measurements of the intensity of scattered light
from the coma of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko over a wide range of phase angles.
These data have been used to measure the phase angle dependent radiance profile
of the dust coma.
We want to provide information about the column area densities of the dust
coma as seen from Rosetta. This information in combination with the measured
OSIRIS phase function can then be used to determine the scattering phase
function of the dust particles.
We use a simple numerical model to calculate the dust density in the coma.
For this we neglect all forces but solar gravitation and radiation pressure. As
this cannot describe particles close to the surface of the comet, we assume
starting conditions at a sufficient distance. We evaluate the column area
density as observed from Rosetta/OSIRIS and compare the results for different
spacecraft positions, dust sizes and surface activity distributions.
We find the phase angle dependence of the column area density to be largely
independent of particle size and spacecraft positions. The determining factor
is the activity distribution across the surface, especially the activity on the
night side. For models with no night side activity, we find the column area
density at high phase angles to be roughly two orders of magnitude larger than
at low phase angles.
The radiance profile measured from inside a cometary coma results from the
combined effects of a phase angle dependent column area density and the
scattering phase function. The radiance profile is therefore strongly dependent
on the surface activity distribution, and - unless the dust emission is
isotropic - any attempt to infer particle properties (as expressed through the
scattering phase function) from such data must take into account and de-bias
for this spatial variation of the dust column area density.
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