Review: Instrumental analytical techniques for evaluating some anti-infective drugs in pharmaceutical products and biological fluids

Quality and safety of drugs are essential for effective therapeutic performance. Impurities can compromise the quality and safety of drugs, and they can arise during various stages of the development, production, storage and even transportation process. Therefore, detecting and measuring the number of impurities with high accuracy in drugs is necessary to ensure the quality and safety of drugs and to reduce the risks associated with taking them. Detecting and measuring impurities in drugs require advanced analytical techniques. The review highpoints a variety of analytical chemistry techniques include spectrophotometric and chromatographic methods in addition to some electrochemistry methods that have been applied for determination of certain drugs such as Ciprofloxacin, Metronidazole, Hydroxychloroquine and Cefotaxime in their pure form, combined form with other drugs, combined form with degradation products, and in biological fluids.