CIDR-Synchronized Nili-Ravi Buffaloes (Bubalus bubablis): Impact of -Carotene and Tocopherol on Reproductive Efficiency

Buffaloes' ovaries are small and have lower oocyte reserves, so estrus indication and intensity are subpar. To enhance fertility in buffaloes, CIDR synchronization protocols, along with some antioxidants may improve oestrus cycle functioning. Hence, this study was conducted to examine the estrus response (ER), estrus intensity (EI), pregnancy rates (PR), and embryonic losses in CIDR-synchronized Nili-Ravi buffaloes to understand better the potential benefits of adding agent carrying antioxidant activity like Dalmavital through reducing oxidative stress. Experimental buffaloes (n=86) with normal reproductive tract and cyclicity were selected and randomly divided into two groups; CIDR group (CIDR-group, n = 43) and CIDR-D (CIDR plus Dalmavital, n = 43). After 6 days of insertion, CIDR was removed, and artificial insemination (AI) was done twice, at fortyeight and sixty hours. Estrus response (ER) did not differ statistically (P >= 0.05) between the two groups, but estrus intensity (EI) was significantly higher (P <= 0.05) in the CIDR-D group. Moreover, the pregnancy rate was similar (P >= 0.05) between the two groups; however, the CIDR-D group showed a relatively higher pregnancy rate (63%) as compared to the CIDR group (56%). Regarding pregnancy losses, both embryonic and foetus losses were not statistically different (P >= 0.05) between the two groups. Also, there were non -significant differences (P >= 0.05) found when compared between cyclic and non -cyclic, milking and dry animals, and with body condition scoring (BCS) and parity in two treatment groups. When treatment was overlooked, the pregnancy rate in cyclic and non -cyclic animals was substantially different (P <= 0.05). Based on the results, it can be concluded that Dalmavital showed a promising effect on the estrus intensity but the least effect on other fertility parameters in CIDR-synchronized Nili-Ravi buffalo.