Hybrid Nano-Architectural Engineering of Ti3C2Tx MXene Heterostructures for Supercapacitor Applications: A Reviews

The rising need for cost-effective, versatile, and durable energy storage devices has propelled progress in electronics and associated fields in the present era of industrialization. Due to their tactile, structural, and aesthetic qualities, two-dimensional (2D) stratified nanomaterials have developed as attractive rivals for high-efficiency energy retention devices. 2D MXenes, a type of transition metal carbides/nitrides via thin thickness, adjustable electrochemical characteristics, high conductivity, and a plentiful supply of active edge sites, have drawn much attention in the area of material science. For advanced electrochemical energy storage technologies like supercapacitors (SCs), Ti3C2Tx MXenes are particularly well-suited as electrode materials. The utilization of MXenes has faced inhibitions due to the aggregation, oxidation, and restacking phenomena occurring within their layers. To overcome these obstacles, this investigation delves into various categories of 2D nanomaterials exhibiting notable electrochemical activity. These encompass covalent organic frameworks (COFs), transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs), layered double hydroxides (LDHs), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), and their derivatives, which hold promise for synergistic coupling with Ti3C2Tx MXenes. Nanoarchitectural engineering structures are employed to enhance the performance of these 2D nanomaterials, both individually and in composites with the metallic conductive 2D Ti3C2Tx MXenes, within SCs. The review summarizes the present developments, challenges, and future perspectives associated with applying Ti3C2Tx MXenes nanomaterial and their hybrid composite nanoarchitectures (NAs) for SC. This review endeavors to advance high-performance energy storage innovations that meet the demands of the contemporary industrial revolution. It achieves this by exploring the potential of diverse 2D nanomaterials and their composite nanoarchitectures (NAs).