Tunable Chemochromism and Elastic Properties in Intercalated MoO3: Au-, Cr-, Fe-, Ge-, Mn-, and Ni-MoO3.

Chemical tunability of the elastic constants of α-MoO3, a two-dimensional layered oxide, is demonstrated with mutability on the order of tens of GPa, simply by choice of a metal intercalant including Au, Cr, Fe, Ge, Mn, and Ni. Using Brillouin laser light scattering from confined acoustic phonons in nanometer-thick materials, the in-plane angular dispersion of the quantized acoustic phonon branches of 2D layered, intercalated MoO3 is measured and used to determine the bulk modulus (K), Young's moduli (E11, E22, and E33), each of the nine independent elastic tensor elements (cij), and the thickness. Intercalation of metals generally reduces the anisotropy in MoO3 except in Ge-MoO3, for which the in-plane longitudinal elastic anisotropy is unaffected. Chemochromism from transparent white (MoO3 and Fe-MoO3) to near black (Ni-MoO3) to brilliant dark blue (Ge-MoO3) is demonstrated and is associated with a reduction in electronic band gap with intercalation and an increase in absorption >600 nm for some intercalants (Cr-, Ge-, and Mn-MoO3).