Quad Port MIMO Circularly Polarized Antenna for n77/n78 5G Coverage with Spatial and Polarization Diversity

The objective of this article is to describe a compact 4-port MIMO planar antenna with a high axial ratio bandwidth (ARBW) that is suitable for usage in 5G applications that operate at frequencies lower than 6 GHz. The optimized dimension of the proposed antenna element is 37 × 30 × 0.8 mm3 and FR-4 substrate has been used as a dielectric material with relative permittivity of 4.4, and a height of 1.6 mm. The proposed antenna has an impedance bandwidth (− 10 dB) in the range of 3.3–4.3 GHz (Simulated)/3.4–4.7 GHz (measured), with a 3-dB ARBW of 3.0–4.4 GHz (simulated)/3.0–4.0 GHz (measured) respectively. The configuration that has been suggested for a MIMO antenna consists of a single entity that has a radiating element in the shape of a T and a ground plane in the shape of a C, both of which are co-planar. The findings of the simulation are then validated by the measurement results which are carried out by using the VNA55071C Vector network analyzer. The suggested module has the potential to serve as a MIMO antenna for impending fifth-generation wireless applications as it achieves an isolation level of better than 15 dB, has an envelope correlation coefficient (ECC) of less than 0.005, and has a diversity gain (dB) > 9.95 dB.