3D reconstruction of dynamic objects with dual-domain modulation strategy

Phase shifting profilometry (PSP) has high accuracy and resolution, but its performance significantly diminishes when confronted with dynamic scenes due to extraprojected patterns. In this paper, we present a novel dual-domain coded phase shifting method tailored for the 3D reconstruction of dynamic objects, requiring only the theoretical minimum of three fringe patterns. First, a set of stripes with distinct contrasts and phase shift sequences is designed, guided by a dual-domain modulation strategy. These stripes, in various combinations, constitute dual-domain modulation patterns while implicitly carrying gray-code information. Second, we implement a temporal-overlapping mechanism that reuses gray-code information between neighboring sequences, thereby effectively reducing projected patterns and shortening measurement time. Furthermore, we develop a corresponding phase decoding framework leveraging the proposed dual-domain modulation patterns, enabling accurate retrieval of absolute phase. Unlike previous methods necessitating extra constraints or explicit order information, our method fully exploits the spatial-phase characteristics within the fringe patterns and temporal redundancy information between them, facilitating implicit encoding and pixel-wise decoding. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method is capable of achieving 3D reconstruction of dynamic objects and outperforms the previous methods in terms of measurement time, measurement depth range, and decoding robustness.