Searching for planet-driven dust spirals in ALMA visibilities
arxiv(2024)
摘要
ALMA (Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array) observations of the
thermal emission from protoplanetary disc dust have revealed a wealth of
substructures that could evidence embedded planets, but planet-driven spirals,
one of the more compelling lines of evidence, remain relatively rare. Existing
works have focused on detecting these spirals using methods that operate in
image space. Here, we explore the planet detection capabilities of fitting
planet-driven spirals to disc observations directly in visibility space. We
test our method on synthetic ALMA observations of planet-containing model discs
for a range of disc/observational parameters, finding it significantly
outperforms image residuals in identifying spirals in these observations and is
able to identify spirals in regions of the parameter space in which no gaps are
detected. These tests suggest that a visibility-space fitting approach warrants
further investigation and may be able to find planet-driven spirals in
observations that have not yet been found with existing approaches. We also
test our method on six discs in the Taurus molecular cloud observed with ALMA
at 1.33 mm, but find no evidence for planet-driven spirals. We find that the
minimum planet masses necessary to drive detectable spirals range from
≈ 0.03 to 0.5 M_Jup over orbital radii of 10 to 100 au, with
planet masses below these thresholds potentially hiding in such disc
observations. Conversely, we suggest that planets ≳ 0.5 to 1
M_Jup can likely be ruled out over orbital radii of ≈ 20 to
60 au on the grounds that we would have detected them if they were present.
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