Metasurface-based Toroidal Lenslet Array Design for Addressing Laser Guide Star Elongation
arxiv(2024)
摘要
The Giant Magellan Telescope will use laser tomography adaptive optics to
correct for atmospheric turbulence using artificial guide stars created in the
sodium layer of the atmosphere (altitude 95km). The sodium layer has
appreciable thickness ( 11km) and this results in the laser guide star being an
elongated cylinder shape. Wavefront sensing with a Shack-Hartmann is
challenging, as subapertures located further away from the laser launch
position image an increasingly elongated perspective of the laser guide star.
Large detectors can be used to adequately pack and sample the images on the
detector, however, this increases readout noise and limits the design space
available for the wavefront sensor. To tackle this challenge, we propose an
original solution based on nano-engineered meta-optics tailored to produce a
spatially varying anamorphic image scale compression. We present meta-lenslet
array designs that can deliver 100
reduction required for focal lengths down to 8mm, and greater than 50
size reduction for focal lengths down to 2mm. This will allow greatly improved
sampling of the available information across the whole wavefront sensor, while
still being a viable design within the limits of current-generation fabrication
facilities.
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