An overview of photothermal materials for solar-driven interfacial evaporation

The utilization of solar-driven interfacial evaporation technology is highly important in addressing the energy crisis and water scarcity, primarily because of its affordability and minimal energy usage. Enhancing the performance of solar energy evaporation and minimizing material degradation during application can be achieved through the design of novel photothermal materials. In solar interfacial evaporation, photothermal materials exhibit a wide range of additional characteristics, but a systematic overview is lacking. This paper encompasses an examination of various categories and principles pertaining to photothermal materials, as well as the structural design considerations for salt-resistant materials. Additionally, we discuss the versatile uses of this appealing technology in different sectors related to energy and the environment. Furthermore, potential solutions to enhance the durability of photothermal materials are also highlighted, such as the rational design of micro/nano-structures, the use of adhesives, the addition of anti-corrosion coatings, and the preparation of self-healing surfaces. The objective of this review is to offer a viable resolution for the logical creation of high-performance photothermal substances, presenting a guide for the forthcoming advancement of solar evaporation technology.