On the LCR Statistics of UAV-to-Ground Communications Over Double-Scatered Double-Shadowed Fading Channels

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been envisioned as a vital component of future communication networks beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G. Particularly, UAV-enabled communications (ECs) are expected to play a crucial role in these advanced communication networks. In densely populated areas, UAV-to-ground (UG)-ECs often encounter composite fading conditions, which pose significant challenges to their reliable operation. This paper presents an analysis of level crossing rate (LCR) metrics for UAV-to-ground (UG) communications over double-scattered, double-shadowed (DSc-DSh) fading channels. These fading channels are represented as the product of double $\alpha-\mu$ and double Gamma (G) random variables (RVs), We derive novel integral formulas to efficiently compute LCR for the proposed UG communication system operating over composite channels.