Multicenter evaluation of complex urinary diversion for renal transplantation: outcomes of complex surgical solutions

An abnormal lower urinary tract poses significant challenges for transplant surgeons. Besides the ureteral anastomosis to an ileal conduit, there are diverse complex reconstructive solutions. Due to its rarity, standardization and teaching of complex urinary diversion is extremely difficult. The indications and outcomes of complex urinary diversions after kidney transplantation (KT) were retrospectively investigated at eight urologic transplant centers including a current follow-up. Of 37 patients with 21 (56