Comprehensive Analysis of Prohibited Substances and Methods in Sports: Unveiling Trends, Pharmacokinetics, and WADA Evolution

This review systematically compiles sports-related drugs, substances, and methodologies based on the 2023 Prohibited List. Aligned with the list's structure, it covers all proscribed items and details the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of five representatives from each section. Notably, it explores significant metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with these substances. Adverse analytical findings are summarized in tables for clarity, and the prevalence is visually represented through charts. The review includes a concise historical overview of doping and World Anti-Doping Agency's role, examining modifications in the prohibited list for an understanding of evolving anti-doping measures.