Green synthesis of superhydrophilic resin/graphene oxide for efficient analysis of multiple pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables

The escalating use of pesticides on fruits and vegetables has raised concerns about potential health risks. Therefore, we developed a superhydrophilic resin/graphene oxide (SR/GO) with rich adsorption interactions using an eco-friendly synthetic approach. SR/GO demonstrated excellent hydrophilicity, ensuring optimal contact with aqueous sample matrices. The multiple adsorption interactions, including π–π conjugation, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic adsorption, facilitated multi-pesticide residue co-extraction. The synthesized SR/GO was applied to a miniaturized centrifugation-accelerated pipette-tip extraction method, coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography. The optimized method exhibited low consumption (15.0 mg adsorbent), and high efficiency, with low detection limits (1.4–2.9 ng g−1) and high recoveries (75.3–113.0%). Water-compatible SR/GO, along with a miniaturized extraction process, showcases a potent analytical approach for pesticide residue analysis in fruits and vegetables. The significance of this method lies in its ability to ensure agricultural and food safety by using a low-cost and efficient multi-pesticide residue analytical strategy.