Integrated Evaluation of Clinical Reproductive Potential Post Embryo Transfer Using Raman Metabolic Spectroscopy of Multistage Culture Medium

Abstract Background Utilizing Raman spectroscopy detection technique for assessing the clinical pregnancy outcomes following in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET). Methods A total of 76 couples took part in the research. During their infertility treatment, culture medium samples were collected from 76 embryos (40 pregnancy and 36 non-pregnancy) at both the D3 and D5 stages. In total, 747 Raman spectra were recorded from these samples. The statistical analysis results were evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and Area Under the Curve(AUC) to assess the classification performance of the fusion analysis model. The biochemical analysis results involved comparing the significant differences in spectral signal intensities of embryo metabolites corresponding to different pregnancy outcomes. Results This study established a fusion analysis model based on Raman spectroscopy data for predicting the pregnancy potential of embryos. The combination model employing Hilbert-PCA, spectrogram concatenation fusion, and SVM achieved an accuracy of over 93%. Furthermore, the statistical analysis results indicated significant differences in Raman spectroscopy features obtained from culture medium samples of embryos with varying pregnancy potentials. Conclusions This study utilized non-invasive Raman spectroscopy technology to analyze the metabolic spectra of culture medium across multiple developmental stages. By establishing a fusion analysis model, high-precision prediction of embryo pregnancy potential was achieved. Trial registration: This study, with ethical review number 2021 − 384, was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Yuhuangding Hospital, affiliated with Qingdao University.