Family and developmental correlates of adolescent involvement in decision making about screen use

Objective Assess how child involvement in making rules about screen time relates to age, child prosocial functioning, and amount of screen use among adolescents. Methods NORC’s AmeriSpeak Panel was used to recruit a nationally representative sample of parents or guardians of school-aged children (age 5–17) in the United States (n = 2084). Parents completed survey that included measures of screen time, child involvement in rule making about screen use, family functioning, and dimensions of child psychosocial functioning. Results Across all age categories, most families had some form of rules about the allowable amount of screen-based digital media for uses other than schoolwork: 86 % of elementary school-aged children (ages 5 to 10), 81 % of middle school-aged children (ages 11–13), and 61 % of high school aged children (ages 14–17). Across all age groups, having rules was associated with fewer hours of screen time (elementary school: B = -1.31, 95 % CI = -1.80 to −0.81, p < 0.001; middle school: B = -1.40, 95 % CI = -2.20 to −0.59, p < 0.001; high school: B = -0.97, 95 % CI = -1.68 to −0.27, p = 0.007). Child involvement in making rules was significantly greater for high school students as compared to elementary school students (ß=0.12, p < 0.001), and not associated with high school- or middle-school aged child screen time. Across all age groups, child involvement in making rules was associated with higher levels of prosocial functioning (elementary school: ß=0.07, p < 0.001; middle school: ß=0.19, p = 0.001; high school: ß=0.21, p < 0.001). Conclusions Child involvement in making rules about screen use may be an opportunity to strengthen developmentally important competencies, as part of a broader autonomy-supportive approach to parenting.