Efficient Energy Management with Emphasis on EV Charging/Discharging Strategy

Leveraging the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) concept, this research explores how a decentralized energy reserve from hybrid electric vehicles can enhance the power system, particularly in large-scale implementations. The study introduces a V2G solution designed for effective microgrid frequency control over a full day. Targeting a scenario with minimal usage, typically in spring or fall, the microgrid is scaled to represent a community of 2000 homes. This is exemplified by integrating 500 Electric Vehicles (EVs) based on a 1:4 vehicle-to-household ratio, reflecting a plausible future scenario. The research conducts a comprehensive examination of the microgrid's voltage, current, and active power. By synchronizing the management of diesel and Renewable Energy Source (RES) generation, power transactions, and EV generation, the microgrid's frequency is effectively regulated through V2G devices adjusting load demand. The implemented V2G-enriched microgrid demonstrates improved energy management and mitigates the inconsistencies and fluctuations inherent in RES power generation, showing notable performance enhancements. In various operational contexts, system parameter fluctuations have been analyzed, revealing that deviations are maintained below a 5% threshold.