Expert Interviews on the Status-quo to Assess the Implementation, Barriers and Resources of Evidence-based Practice in Physical, Occupational and Speech Therapy in Germany, Based on a EBP Survey Results

Background Scientific competence in the implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) among the professions of physiotherapy (PT), occupational therapy (ET) and speech therapy (ST) varies greatly due to the current divergent educational structure (training/academic) in Germany. Aim This qualitative study used expert interviews to evaluate implementation barriers found in a previous EBP survey and seeked expert opinion on possible solutions for the therapeutic professions. Methods Based on the previous main survey finding and individual quotes, an interview guidelines was drawn up, checked and adapted using an interview checklist (COREQ). Experts were selected from the fields of PT, ET and ST (one person per Aera) who deals with the topic of EBP in their professional practice and are authors of publications related to the topic of EBP. The 3 interviews took place between June and September 2020. The data analysis was based on inductive category development following Mayring 1 2 and Kuckartz 3 and the resulting categories were classified and applied to the research question. Results The EBP participants were unanimous regarding survey EBP implementation results. Intrinsic factors are described that could be classified into the following categories: attitude towards EBP, understanding and development of EBP skills, and personal factors. In addition, extrinsic structural-organisational factors such as educational structure, continuing education, workplace, network, framework conditions, access to literature and research, as well as time and financial resources. According to the experts, all intrinsic and extrinsic factors can have promoted or inhibiting effects depending on their characteristics. Conclusion According to the interviews conducted, a precise comprehension of EBP is vital for implementing evidence-based practice, affecting personal attitudes, implementation, and the nature of the external framework. A proper understanding and competence development of EBP in all 3 therapeutic fields through education, training and workplace assistance can promote the implementation of EBP.