Ultrasonic-Assisted Processing Combined with Gas Quenching for Fabricating High-Performance and Stable Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

In recent years, perovskite solar cells have attained unprecedented advancements in power conversion efficiency, yet their commercialization remains a formidable challenge. Addressing this challenge relies on developing an affordable and scalable method for manufacturing top-notch perovskite films. This study presents an innovative strategy, employing both gas quenching technology and ultrasonic-assisted processing (UAP), to fabricate high-caliber perovskite thin films. The UAP process enhances the grain size of the perovskite film, reduces grain boundary defects, improves carrier extraction and transport, and suppresses carrier nonradiative recombination. Furthermore, it effectively reduces residual stress and mitigates lattice distortion in the perovskite crystals. Ultimately, efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells using FA0.87Cs0.13PbI2.7Br0.3 and FA0.85MA0.1Cs0.05PbI3 perovskite are successfully prepared. The target device achieved a power conversion efficiency of 22.32% and 24.51%, respectively. Moreover, the target devices exhibited enhanced photostability. This work provides a cost-effective and scalable method for producing high-quality perovskite films, paving the way for the commercialization of perovskite solar cells. This study presents an innovative strategy, employing both gas quenching technology and ultrasonic-assisted processing (UAP), to fabricate high-caliber perovskite thin films. The UAP promotes the growth of nuclei by enhancing mass and heat transfer through microscopic mixing that improves the film quality. Ultimately, the inverted perovskite solar cells with a champion efficiency of 24.5% are successfully demonstrated. image