Unraveling Hidden Cell Signaling Pathways Using Biophysical Methods: Application to the Gq/Phospholipase C Signaling System

The success of pharmaceutical therapies relies on how well cells respond to a particular drug, but accurately predicting responses can be difficult due to the complex and numerous potential molecular interactions that are possible in cells, and the responses of individuals can be variable due to cryptic and unexpected interactions. With the advancement of proteomics and fluorescence imaging methods, it is now possible to elucidate novel secondary signaling pathways and predict unexpected responses that might otherwise be missed, allowing for the development of better therapeutics. The G alpha q/PLC beta signaling pathway is activated by agents that mediate allergic responses, neurotransmission, and heart rate, as well as other functions that are critical for survival. This Review describes the factors that must be considered in delineating signaling pathways and describes the novel translational role that we have uncovered for this signaling pathway.