Surgery for Spinal Deformities in Patients with Osteoporosis — A Secondary Publication

Objective: This review aims to present relevant considerations for the surgical treatment of spinal deformities accompanied by osteoporosis, how surgeons are trying to overcome the challenges posed by osteoporosis in patients with spinal deformities, and directions for further development. Summary of literature review: Various trials have been carried out to overcome the short- and long-term complications associated with osteoporosis in order to achieve successful clinical results in the surgical treatment of spinal deformities. Methods: A comprehensive review of relevant articles was conducted. Results: The surgical goal of treating spinal deformities is to reverse neurological compromise and restore balanced spine alignment. To achieve these goals, several surgical considerations should be kept in mind. Osteoporosis is an important issue related to early and long-term complications following surgery. Methods of overcoming the challenges posed by osteoporosis such as rigid fixation techniques, proper selection of the fusion levels, perioperative medical treatment, and effective bone grafting materials are described herein; however, further development in these areas is also necessary. Conclusions: Osteoporosis may be a major obstacle in spinal deformity surgery. Although several effective attempts have been made to overcome these limitations, further research and trials are necessary to obtain better results.