iGLU 4.0: Intelligent Non-invasive Glucose Measurement and Its Control with Physiological Parameters

The conventional glucose measurement method, such as pricking blood from the body, is prevalent, bringing pain and trauma. Invasive measurement methods sometimes raise the risk of blood infection in the patient. Several physiological parameters, such as body temperature and systolic blood pressure (SBP) are responsible for blood glucose level fluctuations. Moreover, diabetes for a long duration usually becomes a critical issue. The patients are required to measure blood glucose recurrently and need to take action for the control of blood glucose. Therefore, it is required to develop a non-invasive glucose balancing paradigm, which measures blood glucose without pricking blood along with physiological parameters measurement and decision model. The proposed paradigm helps doctors to connect with patients at a remote location. Hence, an intelligent, non-invasive system using a Near Infra Red is proposed, including physiological parameters to predict the precise glucose value. The decision model includes all parameters (glucose, Blood pressure and body temperature), food intake and insulin levels. This would help the doctor to decide on further medication and control mechanisms. The proposed system demonstrated an accurate model with mARD 12.50 R^2 is 0.97.