Progress on Application of Ceramic-Matrix Composites in Hot-section Components in Aero Engines

Ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) are a class of materials that combine the high-temperature stability and strength of ceramics with the toughness and damage tolerance of fibers. One of the key advantages of CMCs is their ability to withstand high temperatures, making them ideal for applications in gas turbines, rocket nozzles, and heat exchangers. The high-temperature stability of CMCs is due to the ceramic-matrix material, which has a high melting point and excellent thermal conductivity. This allows CMCs to operate at temperatures above 1000°C, where traditional metal alloys would fail. These composites have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential for use in a wide range of applications, including aerospace, automotive, energy, and defense. This chapter reviews the recent progress in the design, application, and challenges in CMCs, especially the hot-section components design and testing at elevated temperatures.