Exploring temporal and spatial SST patterns and their impact in the Arabian Sea: Insights from the regional ocean modeling system

The Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) is integrated across the Arabian Sea (AS) from 1992 to 2021 and covers 33°E to 80°E and 5°N to 32°N at high horizontal resolutions of 1/4°(∼25 km). The study demonstrates that the variability is controlled by a seasonal high-resolution setup, with superior performance for various seasons during the months of December-January-February (DJF), March-April-May (MAM), June-July-August-September (JJAS) and October–November (ON). The Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies in the JJAS season werestudied. SST dominates the seasonal variability of the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). Our results show that the ROMS can simulate seasonal variability and its effects on the upper ocean properties over the AS. In addition, the impact of monthly variation is controlled. In recreating the spatio-temporal distribution of surface as well as subsurface hydrographic parameters such as surface and subsurface temperature, the simulation results are reasonable like observation and reanalysis.