Recovery of High-energy Low-frequency Quasi-periodic Oscillations from Black Hole X-ray Binary MAXI J1535-571 with a Hilbert-Huang Transform Method
arxiv(2024)
摘要
We propose a method based on the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) to recover the
high-energy waveform of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (LFQPOs).
Based on the method, we successfully obtain the modulation of the phase-folded
light curve above 170 keV using the QPO phase reconstructed at lower energies
in MAXI J1535-571 with Insight-HXMT observations. A comprehensive simulation
study is conducted to demonstrate that such modulation indeed originates from
the QPO. Thus the highest energies turn out to significantly exceed the upper
limit of 100 keV for QPOs reported previously using the Fourier method,
marking the first opportunity to study QPO properties above 100 keV in this
source. Detailed analyses of these high-energy QPO profiles reveal different
QPO properties between the 30-100 keV and 100-200 keV energy ranges: the phase
lag remains relatively stable, and the amplitude slightly increases below 100
keV, whereas above this threshold, soft phase lags and a decrease in amplitude
are observed. Given the reports of a hard tail detection in broad spectroscopy,
we propose that the newly discovered QPO properties above 100 keV are dominated
by the hard tail component, possibly stemming from a relativistic jet. Our
findings also indicate a strong correlation between the QPOs originating from
the jet and corona, supporting the scenario of jet-corona coupling precssion.
We emphasize that our proposed HHT-based method can serve as an efficient
manner in expanding the high energy band for studying QPOs, thereby enhancing
our understanding of their origin.
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