Convert laser light into single photons via interference
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Laser light possesses perfect coherence, but cannot be attenuated to single
photons via linear optics. An elegant route to convert laser light into single
photons is based on photon blockade in a cavity with a single atom in the
strong coupling regime. However, the single-photon purity achieved by this
method remains relatively low. Here we propose an interference-based approach
where laser light can be transformed into single photons by destructively
interfering with a weak but super-bunched incoherent field emitted from a
cavity coupling to a single quantum emitter. We demonstrate this idea by
measuring the reflected light of a laser field which drives a double-sided
optical microcavity containing a single artificial atom-quantum dot (QD) in the
Purcell regime. The reflected light consists of a superposition of the driving
field with the cavity output field. We achieve the second-order autocorrelation
g2(0)=0.030+-0.002 and the two-photon interference visibility 94.3
separating the coherent and incoherent fields in the reflected light, we
observe that the incoherent field from the cavity exhibits super-bunching with
g2(0)=41+-2 while the coherent field remains Poissonian statistics. By
controlling the relative amplitude of coherent and incoherent fields, we verify
that photon statistics of reflected light is tuneable from perfect
anti-bunching to super-bunching in agreement with our predictions. Our results
demonstrate photon statistics of light as a quantum interference phenomenon
that a single QD can scatter two photons simultaneously at low driving fields
in contrast to the common picture that a single two-level quantum emitter can
only scatter (or absorb and emit) single photons. This work opens the door to
tailoring photon statistics of laser light via cavity or waveguide quantum
electrodynamics and interference.
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