Identification of ginsenoside components from adventitious root of ginseng and their hypoglycemic effects on T1DM mice: A network pharmacology and animal experiment study

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of action of extract of Adventitious Root of Ginseng (GARE) on a mouse model of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Firstly, using network pharmacology methods to predict relevant targets. The main active components of GARE were analyzed using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Mice were then divided into multiple experimental groups and a T1DM model was established. The results showed that GARE significantly reduced blood glucose levels in mice, while also decreasing the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb). GARE increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and reduced the expression of inflammatory factors in the liver. Furthermore, GARE exerted its protective effects by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggest that GARE may have potential therapeutic effects for T1DM and provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of adventitious root of ginseng (GAR) resources.