Impact of AML1/ETO Fusion on the Efficacy of Venetoclax Plus Hypomethylating Agents in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia

AML1/ETO fusion confers favorable prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with intensive chemotherapy (IC). However, the impact of AML1/ETO fusion on the efficacy of venetoclax in the treatment of AML is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of venetoclax plus hypomethylating agents (VEN/HMAs) in patients with AML1/ETO-positive AML. Patients with newly diagnosed AML in two centers were reviewed and divided into three cohorts: AML1/ETO-positive AML treated with frontline VEN/HMA (Cohort A), AML1/ETO-negative AML treated with frontline VEN/HMA (Cohort B), or AML1/ETO-positive AML treated with frontline IC (Cohort C). The response and survival were compared between the cohorts. A total of 260 patients were included in the study. Patients in Cohort A had a significantly lower overall response rate (ORR) than patients in Cohort B (40.9