Suppressing Correlated Noise in Quantum Computers via Context-Aware Compiling
arxiv(2024)
摘要
Coherent errors, and especially those that occur in correlation among a set
of qubits, are detrimental for large-scale quantum computing. Correlations in
noise can occur as a result of spatial and temporal configurations of
instructions executing on the quantum processor. In this paper, we perform a
detailed experimental characterization of many of these error sources, and
theoretically connect them to the physics of superconducting qubits and gate
operations. Equipped with this knowledge, we devise compiler strategies to
suppress these errors using dynamical decoupling or error compensation into the
rest of the circuit. Importantly, these strategies are successful when the
context at each layer of computation is taken into account: how qubits are
connected, what crosstalk terms exist on the device, and what gates or idle
periods occur in that layer. Our context-aware compiler thus suppresses some
dominant sources of error, making further error mitigation or error correction
substantially less expensive. For example, our experiments show an increase of
18.5% in layer fidelity for a candidate 10-qubit circuit layer compared to
context-unaware suppression. Owing to the exponential nature of error
mitigation, these improvements due to error suppression translate to several
orders of magnitude reduction of sampling overhead for a circuit consisting of
a moderate number of layers.
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