Does It Par-Tickle?: Investigating the Relationship Between Mid-Air Haptics and Visual Representations of Surface Textures

Mid-air haptic feedback technology produces tactile sensations that are felt without the need for physical interactions. However, mid-air haptic experiences need to be congruent with visual cues to reflect user expectations. To overcome this, we investigate how to visually present properties of objects, so that what one feels is a more accurate prediction of what one sees. Specifically, this paper investigates the relationship between 8 visual parameters of a point-cloud representation of a surface (particle color, size, distribution, etc.) and 4 mid-air haptic spatial modulation frequencies (20, 40, 60 and 80 Hz). Our results and analysis reveal a statistical significance between low and high-frequency modulations and particle density, particle bumpiness (depth) and particle arrangement (randomness).