Distal Ulna Giant Cell Tumor treated by Resection without Reconstruction: What were the functional outcomes and review of literature

Introduction: Giant Cell Tumours (GCT) are benign tumours with aggressive potential that disrupt the local bony architecture, which can be especially problematic in peri-articular locations. Our aim was to assess the outcomes of patients with GCT of the distal ulna who were treated by resection without reconstruction. Methods: The study included 21 patients with distal ulna GCT that were treated with resection without reconstruction. There were 12 males and 9 females, with a mean age of 30.4years (range 14-45 years). The patients mean follow-up period was 4.4 years, with a two-year minimum follow-up. Results: Painful swelling was the presenting symtom in all cases. Nineteen patients had Campanacci grade 3 and two had Campanacci grade 2. The mean resected length of the distal ulna was 6.8 cm (range 4-10) cm. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score (MSTS) was 26.1. (range 22-28). Grip strength of the affected hand was reduced by 10.5% on average. (range 0%-16%). Two patients were having multi-centric disease on presentation and none of the cases had pathological fracture on presentation. One case had a local recurrence which was treated with surgery. Conclusion: Based on current study, GCT of the distal ulna, en bloc resection without reconstruction can be recommended as a valuable treatment option for Campanacci grades 2 and 3 tumours. Resection of the distal end of the ulna without reconstruction results in excellent functional outcomes, with forearm rotational movement and hand function preserved. According to review of literature this is the largest series of GCT Ulna and we recommend a multicentre and comparitive studies on this topic.